Gas oven construction



June 9, 1931. 'r. A. SOULTS GAS OVEN CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. e. 1927 s Sheets-Slieet 1 INVENTQR yzzyomas %ZISATTORNEY' I I June 9, 1931. I 1'. A. SOULTS 1,303,366

GAS OVEN CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 6. 1927 s Sheets-Sheet 2 June, 1931. A, OULT 1,808,866

GAS OVEN CONSTRUCTION in w Patented June 9, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE THOMAS A. SOULTS, ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO STERLING RANGE AND FURNACE CORPORATION, OF ROCHEST YORK ER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW GAS OVEN CONSTRUCTION Application filed December 6, 1927. Serial No. 238,160.

This invention relates to cooking stoves and more particularly't'o an oven construction for gas stoves, one object of the inven- 7 tion being the provision of a simple and effi- Bcient oven construction, economical in operation and capable of being manufactured at moderate cost. Another object is the provision of means for effecting a. retarded circulation of air which will insure thorough coml 'bustion of the fuel and utilize the heat of the fuel to maximum extent and at the same time providing for a uniform heat distribution throughout the oven chamber.

To these and other ends the invention i'esides in certain improvements and combinations of parts, all as will be hereinafter more fully described, the novel features being pointed out in the claim at the end of the specification.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a stove embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view of the lower part of the oven taken sub- 25 stantially on line 2-2 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional View taken substantially on line 33 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially on line 4& of Fig. 2; and

3 Fig. 5 is a fragmentary detail view in perspective of one of the inner walls of the oven chamber.

Similar reference numerals throughout the several views idicate the same parts.

The present embodiment of the invention provides an apparatus of the class described of an extremely simple design, constructed with relatively few parts, and being particularly applicable to ovens for gas stoves which are adapted for broiling as well as baking and utilizing forthese purposes a A single burner. In carrying out the present invention there is provided an oven in which the products of complete combustion are 45 mixed with a certain volume of secondary air supply which is preheated by such products of combustion as the secondary air enters the oven, thus producing effects which are very desirable in stoves of this character. 59 To this end the invention, as disclosed, is

embodied in a usual form of gas range provided with an oven of conventional outside construction having therein a single burner for supplying heat both for baking and broiling, combined with efiective means for distributing and circulating the heated ases to effect thorough combustion and obtain even and uniform heating effects which is a very important consideration for proper baking.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, Fig. 1 indicates a cooking stove of generally conventional form having a frame on which is supported an oven section 11 comprising an upper oven compartment 12 and a lower broiling compartment 13.

In the present embodiment of the invention the exterior of the oven is suitably formed with side walls or panels 14, a rear wall 15 and a front wall or frame portion 16, all of which are suitably secured at their lower ends onto the frame 10 of the stove. The front wall or frame portion 16 has suitably supported therein a door '17 for the oven compart'ment and a door 18 for the broiler compartment.

The side walls and the doors of the oven preferably have a double wall construction to provide a dead air space which serves the double purpose of preventing the escape of the heat inside of the oven and to prevent the external wall from becoming overheated whereby the enamel or other finishing mate rial applied thereto would be likely to burn off. For this purpose there is provided on the inner face of the doors a plate, such as shown at 19 in Fig. 2, suitably held in spaced relation to the front thereof by spacing members 20. The rear wall 15 has an inner wall 21 in spaced relation thereto which is held in place by its contact with a pair of inner side walls 22. The outer side walls 14, in the present instance, are secured to the back wall 15 by means of fastening devices 28, herein shown in the formof bolts.

The side walls 22 are preferably each formed with a vertically extending outward 1y depressed portion 24, as shownin Fig. 2' of the drawings. The lower sides of walls 22 terminate at the level of the frame portion 10 of the stove and form one side of air passageways or conduits to the oven chamber in a manner which will appear as the description proceeds.

A burner 25 of any desired type, such as is used for ordinary illuminating gas, is centrally disposed in the oven and is supported in any desired manner, as for example, by means of a bracket 26 secured to the rear wall of the stove. A feed pipe 27 is connected to the burner for the purpose of conducting gaseous fuel thereto. The proper proportion of air may be mixed with the gas conducted to the burner 25 in any suitable manner, not shown. A plurality of outlet openings 28 for the gas are formed in the burner and are preferably downwardly and outwardly directed, as illustrated in Fig. 4.

The broiler compartment 13 is. preferably constructed with passageways at the side thereof for admitting fresh air to the interior thereof. In the present embodiment there is provided a pair of vertically extending plates 29 which are-disposed one on each side of the broiler oven and are secured at their ends to the outstanding portions of the walls 22 thus bridging the depression portions 24 of the walls and thereby forming the upwardly extending conduits for the passage of fresh air from the outside of the oven into the oven chamber. The plates 29 are suitably provided with outstanding ribs 30, in the present instance being formed by bending portions of the plate 29 so as to project inwardly therefrom. The ribs 30 thus serve as a sup porting rack for holding the usual broiler drip pan 31 at selective positions below the burner 25. The lower end of the broiler comartment is suitably closed by a bottom memher 32 which is supported in place on the inwardly bent lower ends 33 of the plates 29.

It is desirable for the purpose of effecting thorough combustion of the gas conducted to the burner that the supply of fresh air be directed into immediate contact with the burner flame. For this purpose means are provided for deflecting the air passing upwardly through the conduits in the broiler oven toward the burner. Accordingly there is provided a baffle or deflectingplate 34 at each side of the oven above the upper ends of plates 29. The plates 34 may be secured in various ways, but in the present instance they are provided with upturned edges 35 which are suitably secured, as by means of rivets, against the depressed portions 24 of the inner walls 22. Vhile the baflies 34 could extend inwardly on a horizontal'plane or could extend at a downward inclination, they are preferably inclined upwardly toward the burner. By reference to Fig. 4, the course of the air currents entering the oven are approximately shown by arrows. It will be seen that fresh air will enter at the lower ends of the conduits and pass upwardly until it comes into contact with the baffle 34 and will then be deflected substantially horizontally to approximately the central part of the flames issuing from the openings 28 on the burner.

Before the indrawn air comes into contact with the burner flames it will have become preheated by contact with the walls of the conduits so that when it reaches the flames, it surrounds and intermingles therewith to thus effect thorough combustion of the fuel without any undesirable cooling of the flames.

It is desirable to utilize the mixture of heated air and burned gases to the maximum extent for heating the baking chamber 12. To this end a pair of vertically disposed plates 36 are secured at their ends on the inwardly extending portions on the walls 22 and thus form with the depressed portions 24 of the walls conduits for the heated air and gases passing upwardly from the burner. The plates 36 are suitably provided with inwardly bent ribs forming engaging means 37 for the grip 38 on which a receptacle 39 may be supported for baking or other cooking purposes. The lower end of the baking compartment is closed from the burner by means of a double wall partition 40 resting at its ends on lower bent edges 41 of the plates 36 and held from upward movement by means of clips 42 suitably secured to the plates. By this construction the oven compartment will be thoroughly and uniformly heated both by the radiation effects against the lower wall 40 and by means of the heat transferred by the hot gases flowing upwardly past the plates 36.

The top of the oven is suitably closed by plate 43 which is bolted or otherwise secured to the outer walls 14 and 15. The upper ends of the inner side walls 24 terminate somewhat below the upper wall 43 and have their ends bent outwardly into contact with the walls 14 as shown at 44. A plate 45 substantially the size of the horizontal dimensions of theoven is supported on the top edges of the inner side walls 22 and is provided with openings 46 near the forward part of the oven for the passage of the burned gases to a flue 47 com municating with a pipe 48 which leads to any suitable outlet at the exterior of the house.

In order to prevent a too rapid upward passage of the burned gases through the flue 47 a baffle plate 49 is vertically disposed between the upper walls 43 and 45 and at a short distance in front of the flue so that the burned gases passing through the openings 46 are obliged to pass around the ends of the baffle plate before reaching the flue opening. The outwardly flowing mixture of heated air and burned gases passing through the upper conduits are thus retarded in the upper portion of the oven chamber and thus transmit a large portion of the heat contained therein downwardly against the baking receptacle 39 before they pass out through the openings 46 to the flue.

The operation of the present construction has been generally set forth above but will be briefly reviewed. After the burner 25 has been lighted, the flame of the burner warms the surrounding air and creates an upward draft through the upper conduits at the sides of the baking compartment. The upward flow of air from the burner causes an inflow of air up through the lower conduits at the sides of the broiler compartment which will be deflected toward the burner by the plates 34: to thus constantly supply an abundance of fresh air to the burner to promote thorough combustion. After the burner has been in operation for a few minutes the plates 29 and walls 22 forming the lower conduits will become heated sufliciently to preheat the air entering therethrough so that by the time it reaches the burner it is adapted to mix with the burner flame in a most efiicient manner for thorough combustion. The mixture of heated air and burned gases will thus thoroughly surround the baking compartment of the oven and form a blanket of uniformly heated gas in contact with the lower and side Walls thereof as well as directly above the baking receptacle thus maintaining the baking receptacle at extremely uniform and even heat to insure thorough and efficient baking of the food.

The invention thus affords a simple and eflicient oven construction, which is relatively inexpensive to manufacture, and economical in operation, having the advantage of providing thorough intermingling of preheated air to the burner flames to insure even and complete combustion of the burner gas and to effect a thorough distribution of the mixture of burned gas and heated air to the baking chamber.

I claim as my invention:

A cooking stove having separate upper and lower cooking compartments, a gas burner in the upper portion of the lower compartment 1' having oppositely disposed portions each provided with openings arranged to discharge the gas outwardly toward the side walls of the compartment, vertically arranged air inlet conduits located at the sides of said lower compartment below the burner, plates overlying said conduits and extending inwardly from the side walls of the stove towards said burner portions and terminating short of the latter to afford openings for the passage of air discharging from the conduits, said plates being substantially in alinement with the burner and the air being directed by said plates to said openings and into the path of the discharging gas, and vertically disposed outlet conduits at the sides of the upper compartment for dicharging the products of combustion from the burner.

THOMAS A. SOULTS. 

